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Achievements

• Advancing the treatment of leukaemia in the animal and human populations
  The retrovirus now known as feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) was discovered by William Jarrett and his colleagues in the Department of Veterinary Pathology in 1963. This in itself has all but eradicated the disease in pet cats. It has also led to developments in the treatment of human cancers.
• Breaking new ground in the understanding of the structure of muscle fibres
  The first description that muscle spindles contain two types of specialized muscle fibres was written by Ian Boyd. This led directly to our modern understanding of how these sensors function in muscles.
• Compiling the classic text on the Law of Scotland
  Gloag & Henderson, first published in 1927 as An Introduction to the Law of Scotland is referred to as "the work of reference on the law of Scotland".
• Contributing to the development of the concept of conformation and its application in chemistry
  Our current level understanding of enzymatic processes would not have been possible without the work of Derek Barton. He coined the term "conformation analysis" which has become a term familiar to all scientists.
• Contributing to the foundation of the dietetic profession.
  Dietetic research and teaching in the UK was pioneered by Mary Andross carrying out experiments on the nutritional value of local versus imported meats as early as 1936.
• Contributing to the Scottish literary renaissance of the early 20th century
  Scottish author, biographer and journalist, Catherine Carswell is now known as one of the few women who took part in the Scottish Renaissance. Her works are still widely read today.
• Creating the first peer-reviewed journal specifically devoted to the economic, political and social policy systems of the Soviet Union
  The peer-reviewed academic Journal, Soviet Studies, was launched in 1949 to critical acclaim.
• Creating the Glasgow Citizens' Theatre
  Founded in 1943, the Glasgow Citizens' Theatre has an international reputation and is the principal producing theatre in Scotland.
• Creating the Historical Thesaurus of the Oxford English Dictionary
  The Historical Thesaurus is the first ever produced for any language in the world, containing almost every word in English from Old English to the present day.
• Decommissioning of a Nuclear Reactor for the first time
  This successful decommissioning and delicensing of a nuclear reactor was achieved by returning the entire site to brown field status.
• Developing a pump for delivery of anaesthesia during surgery – the Diprifuser ® target-controlled infusion (TCI)
  The Diprifuser target-controlled infusion allowed direct control of a specific drug's concentration within a patient during surgery.
• Developing and applying multi-disciplinary social and economic research
  Alec Cairncross and Donald Robertson used their expertise and vision to create an multi-disciplinary academic department which led the way in applied socio-economic research, especially in the field of urban and regional planning.
• Developing in vitro fertilisation
  Robert Edwards and Patrick Steptoe developed the IVF technique for the fertilisation of human egg cells outside the body which led to te world's first test-tube baby in July 1978.
• Developing our understanding of tissue transplantation
  When Tom Gibson and Peter Medawar (later Sir) described the 'Second Set' phenomenon in 1943 they laid the foundations for tissue transplantation.
• Developing robust methods for the detection of irradiated food
  The methods and equipment developed for screening foodstuffs for irradiation have become UK and European standards.
• Developing the Glasgow Coma Scale
  Graham Teasdale and Bryan Jennett's Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is used in hospitals all over the world to provide a quick and reliable assessment of the conscious state of a patient with a suspected brain injury.
• Developing the Glasgow Outcome Scale
  Bryan Jennett and Michael Bond's Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) is the most widely used scale for assessing patient outcome after a serious head injury.
• Developing the groundbreaking concept of Motorised Momentum Exchange Tether for Spaceflight
  This system which works on the principle of momentum transfer coupled to orbital mechanics is revolutionising space rocket propulsion.
• Development of speech therapy
  Anne McAllister was a pioneer and international leader in the development of speech therapy.
• Discovering of cause of Leishmaniasis
  Leishmaniasis is a tropical disease named after the William Leishman who discovered its cause in 1900.
• Discovery and understanding of types of parasitic worms
  Robert Leiper made lasting contributions to our understanding of the biology and taxonomy of parasitic worms infecting humans and animals.
• Discovery of Isotopes
  The value and use of isotopes in research and their importance in technology and applications to society today would have astounded Soddy.
• Discovery of Protactinium
  Protactinium is a chemical element with the symbol Pa and atomic number 91. It was discovered by John Arnold Cranston.
• Discovery of pulsars
  The discovery of pulsars, cosmic sources of peculiar radio pulses, provided the first direct evidence for the existence of black holes and is an important milestone in the history of astrophysics.
• Discovery of silica and phosphate biominerals in brachiopod shells
  Alwyn Williams' discovery that there is a major change in cellular and biochemical processes in the creation of the shells of marine brachiopods changed the understanding of biomineralistaion in living organisms.
• Discovery of the ‘Parasexual cycle’
  Guido Pontecorvo and Alan Roper discovered the 'Parasexual cycle' that causes genetic re-assortment without sexual reproduction.
• Discovery of the E-function
  E-function, is part of the basic canon of mathematics and is of great importance as it is used to describe the size of anything growing steadily, from population growth to infection rates.
• Discovery of the inert gaseous elements in air, and determination of their place in the periodic system
  William Ramsay published several notable papers on the oxides of nitrogen in the 1880s and followed those up with the discovery of argon, helium, neon, krypton, and xenon in the 1890s.
• Encouragement of young creative writers
  Philip Hobsbaum’s greatest contribution to the international literary canon was his lifelong encouragement and nurturing of young writers.
• Established a major marine research centre at Millport on the Firth of Clyde
  Sheina Marshall, established Scottish Marine Biological Association Millport, as a major research centre, as a result of a series of twelve seminal papers on plankton.
• Establishing a system for the classification of beetles.
  A world authority, Roy Crowson's 1955 publication The Natural Classification of the Families of British Coleoptera provided the basis for all subsequent classification systems.
• Establishing fundamental principles in aircraft design
  Frank Barnwell's approach to aircraft design established principles that are as valid today as they were when he first conceived them during the First World War.
• Establishing Ischaemic Brain Damage as an important likely cause of mortality and morbidity after head injury
  This study demonstrated that IBD was common in fatal head injury and suggested that a proportion of it was avoidable.
• Establishing the fungus Aspergillus nidulans as a convenient genetical tool
  Guido Pontecorvo undertook pioneering work in genetics by establishing the fungus Aspergillus nidulans as a convenient genetical tool, which is now used throughout the world.
• Establishing the Royal Air Force
  David Henderson, Father of the Royal Air Force, is one of the most under-estimated British soldiers of the World War 1914-1918. He made fundamental contributions in two areas - military intelligence and military aviation.
• Establishing the US biotech industry
  Adrenalin, one of the first of the many 'blockbuster' drugs introduced during the 20th century was discovered and patented by Jokichi Takamine.
• Evidence against the use of organ transplantation from melanoma patients
  Rona Mackie’s work on melanoma has been highly received across the world, and in the field of transplantation has influenced practice with former melanoma patients in Europe and North America.
• Extending and renewing interest in Adam Smith (1723-1790)
  A work of great skill and dedication taking over 25 years to complete, the seven volumes of The Glasgow Edition of the Works and Correspondence of Adam Smith were published by Oxford University Press between 1976 and 1987.
• First evidence that cholesterol-lowering statins can prevent the development of ischaemic heart disease in apparently healthy individuals
  Statins, the cholesterol-lowering drug, are now used around the world to prevent heart attacks.
• First experimental demonstration that maternal condition of birds can manipulate the sex ratio of their offspring
  This study was the first experimental demonstration that females could adjust the sex ratio of the eggs they produced in response to environmental circumstances.
• First female chair of Dermatology in the UK
  Rona Mackie became in 1978 the first female Professor of Dermatology in the UK, and within the University of Glasgow, the first woman to be appointed to an established chair.
• First female Professor of Dentistry in the UK
  In 1990, Dorothy Geddes became the first female dental academic to take up a professorial position in the UK.
• First Minister of Scotland 1999-2000
  Donald Dewar, a major player in Scottish and UK politics, campaigned for Scottish devolution and masterminded the Scottish Bill through Westminster, becoming the first holder of the office of First Minister of Scotland.
• First patent to be issued in any jurisdiction for a natural biological process
  Guido Pontecorvo and Alan Roper patented their discovery of the 'Parasexual cycle'.
• First Routine hospital-based ECG interpretation by minicomputer
  Developed by Professor Peter Macfarlane and his team in the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Glasgow Royal Infirmary), the University of Glasgow ECG Analysis Program has been adopted commercially and applied world-wide.
• First systematic analysis of TV journalism
  The work of the Glasgow University Media Group on how news information is organized and the implicit and explicit explanations that are put before the audience has been replicated around the world.
• Founding modern economics
  Adam Smith is widely cited as the father of modern economics and over 200 years after his death, he is still among the most influential thinkers in the field of economics today.
• Founding Scottish Opera
  Scottish Opera is Scotland’s national opera company and the largest performing arts organisation in Scotland.
• Founding the Scottish National Party
  The Scottish National Party is the largest political party campaigning for the independence of Scotland from the United Kingdom. It has had continuous parliamentary representation since 1967 and was the largest party in the Scottish Parliament since 2007.
• Founding the study of Organic Crystallography
  John Monteath Robertson ("JM") was a pioneer in the field of X-ray crystallography and the founder of organic crystallography.
• Gaelic poet and critic
  Through his own poetry, his active leadership in promoting the work of Gaelic writers, and his rigorous scholarship, Derrick Thomson has demonstrated his commitment to rendering Gaelic culture accessible to the national and international community.
• Groundbreaking statistical analysis of compositional geological data.
  John Aitchison's award winning work has revolutionised the way Geologists analyse data.
• Helping us to understand the Geodynamic Carbon Cycle on Earth
  Evidence from Scottish Lewisian marbles demonstrated that the Paleoproterozoic Lomagundi-Jatuli event caused a major change in carbon deposition on Earth.
• Influencing policy towards the Soviet Union
  Alec Nove had a significant role in advising successive British Ambassadors to the Soviet Union and in changing British Government policy towards the Soviet Union in the early 1980s.
• Influencing social reform in the 1960s and 1970s
  As a champion of causes that were unfashionable in the 1960s and 1970s, Kay Carmichael influenced society's attitudes to gay rights, prison reform, and the decriminalisation of prostitution.
• Introducing anti-sepsis in the operating theatre
  Joseph Lister promoted the idea of sterile surgery, introducing carbolic acid (phenol) to sterilise surgical instruments and to clean wounds, which led to a huge reduction in post-operative infections and made surgery safer for patients.
• Inventing television
  The first working television system was demonstrated by John Logie Baird on the 26th of January 1926.
• Inventing the phantom head to train dental students
  Edward Oswald Fergus developed a stimulated head for teaching dental students. Although it has undergone some refinements, it is still used around the world to train and educate dental students.
• Inventing the range-finder and other optical instruments
  The inventions of Archibald Barr and their subsequent commercial exploitation have had a lasting impact on the world economy.
• Inventing the storage ring for high-energy elementary particles
  The storage ring is now the dominant facility for high energy elementary particle physics world-wide, whether in heavy-flavour studies at electron-positron facilities, or at the highest energies using proton - (anti) proton collisions at Fermilab (USA) or CERN Geneva) and electron-proton collisions (DESY, Hamburg).
• Inventing the world’s first commercial vaccine for a parasitic disease of cattle (Dictol)
  In the late 1950s, a multidisciplinary group of scientists at the Glasgow Veterinary School developed the world's first successful vaccine for a parasitic disease affecting cattle.
• Invention of the proportional counter
  Sir Samuel Curran, a recognised world leader in his field, invented the two basic techniques for the detection of the passage of elementary particles, the scintillation counter, and the proportional counter for the detection of radiation sources.
• Invention of the scintillation counter
  Sir Samuel Curran, a recognised world leader in his field, invented the two basic techniques for the detection of the passage of elementary particles, the proportional counter, and the scintillation counter to measure a number of different radiations.
• Key discoveries of the life cycle of Trypanosomes
  African trypanosomiasis remains endemic in central Africa today. The parasites invade the central nervous system and brain, where they cause many neurological symptoms, including disruption to sleep-wake patterns, which have led the disease to be referred to as sleeping sickness.
• Lasting contribution to Scottish and European politics
  Winnie Ewing was one of the most influential Scotswomen of her generation as a Scottish National Party politician who was a Member of Parliament, Member of the European Parliament and Member of the Scottish Parliament.
• Lasting significance in political philosophy and strategy
  Oliver Franks, described as 'one of the founders of the post-war world', was deeply involved in Britain's recovery after the Second World War and was a co-founder of NATO and chair of the Organisation for European Economic Co-operation.
• Leader of the Labour Party 1992-1994
  As leader of the Labour Party, John Smith established the principle of "one member one vote" at party conferences and committed Labour to re-establishing a Scottish Parliament.
• Leading administrator of women's university education
  As the most senior woman academic in Scotland, Frances Melville was an astute administrator and ambassador of women's education.
• Leading literary criticism
  Janet Spens was one of leading literary critics of her day, specialising in Elizabethan literature.
• Leading obstetrician and gynaecologist
  Louise McIlroy was a pioneering female medical professional who specialised in obstetrics and gynaecology and received many distinctions and awards in recognition of her work.
• Leading research in the fields of Roman archaeology and numismatics
  Anne Robertson's reputation in the two areas of academic study - archaeology and numismatics - was achieved while also maintaining high standards of museum curatorship and public engagement.
• Leading the Red Clydeside movement
  A revolutionary socialist of international standing, John Maclean was an honorary president of the first Congress of Soviets and appointed by Lenin as Bolshevik consul for Scotland.
• Leading the Red Clydeside movement
  One of the leading orators of his time, James Maxton was one of the prominent figures of the Independent Labour Party (ILP) in Glasgow and a key political figure during the Red Clydeside period.
• Leading the study of Scottish Carboniferous Goniatites
  Currie's primary research interest was in the field of palaeontology in which she published a number of academic works.
• Legal philosophy
  Neil MacCormick was one of the world’s leading philosophers of law and was the constitutional authority behind the upsurge of Scottish nationalism in the late 20th century.
• Making important contributions to physics especially in electricity, magnetism and thermodynamics
  The dominant scientific figure of his time, William Thomson did important work in the mathematical analysis of electricity and formulation of the first and second Laws of Thermodynamics and had a career as an electric telegraph engineer and inventor.
• Minister of Pensions and National Insurance 1964-1967
  Instrumental in removing the discretionary National Assistance payment scheme and introducing Supplementary Benefit.
• Multistage Flash Distillation System for desalination
  Robert Silver invented the Multistage Flash (MSF) Distillation System to desalinate seawater, which made an outstanding contribution to humanitarian and economic progress.
• National Poet for Scotland 2004-2010
  Regarded internationally as one of the finest poets of his generation, Edwin Morgan was created National Poet for Scotland (the Scottish Makar) in 2004
• Pioneering the University education of women in Scotland
  The Glasgow movement to establish the right of women to a university education and the establishment of a means to deliver it was led by Jessie Campbell, administered by Janet Galloway and financed by Isabella Elder.
• Pioneering the use of ultrasound in medicine
  The use of diagnostic ultrasound, particularly in obstetric medicine, became established practice thanks to the work of Ian Donald.
• Pioneering the use of X-rays in medicine
  John Macintyre was a pioneer of the use of X-rays as a therapeutic tool and established the world's first hospital x-ray unit in Glasgow Royal Infirmary.
• Pioneering use of Caesarean sections to improve survival rates of mothers and babies
  Murdoch Cameron pioneered Caesarean sections under antiseptic conditions. In doing so, he improved the survival rates of mother and baby.
• Pioneering work for the rights of those with mental health issues
  Kate Fraser used her unrivalled knowledge and understanding of the social implications of mental health to ensure that the mentally ill were included in the provisions of the Disabled Persons Employment Act 1944.
• Pioneering work on sex chromosomes
  Ferguson-Smith contributed significantly to gene mapping and developed improved tests for screening for Down’s syndrome and spina bifida in the fetus.
• Preventing disease in Africa
  Keith Vickerman demonstrated that due to antigenic variations in Trypanosomes, a vaccine cannot be developed against one of Africa’s most important diseases.
• Preventing mineral deficiencies in cattle
  Rumen boluses, designed to lie in the reticulum of ruminant animals, can supply vital dietary elements or drugs to cattle and sheep without the need for daily supplementation in feeds.
• Preventing the spread of the parasitic disease Toxoplasmosis
  The role of cats in the infection of humans with Toxoplasma parasite was discovered by Bill Hutchison.
• Prime minister 1905-1908
  As Prime Minister, Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman introduced legislation to ensure trade unions could not be liable for damages incurred during strike action and to provide free school meals for children.
• Prime minister 1922-1923
  A leading member of the coalition Government during the First World War, Bonar Law became Prime Minister in 1922 and set about returning Britain to normality.
• Proving that waist circumference is an indicator of the risk of heart disease
  The waist circumference measurement, proposed by Mike Lean, also turned out to be more accurate than BMI as a predictor of obesity-related health risks, from diabetes, CHD, stroke, sleep apnoea syndrome, depression.
• Rethinking Schizophrenia
  R D Laing’s contribution to psychiatry was considerable and centred upon his way of understanding serious mental illness.
• Secretary of State for Scotland 1936-1938
  Walter Elliot had a life-long interest in medical science and was an authority on nutrition. A Conservative with a strong interest in social reform, he introduced free milk for school children.
• Secretary of State for Scotland 1941-1945
  As Secretary of State for Scotland, Tom Johnston did much to develop the Highlands and attract industry to Scotland, and help set up the North of Scotland Hydro-electric Board.
• Secretary of State for Scotland 1964-1970, 1974-1976
  Willie Ross was responsible for creating the Highlands and Islands Development Board.
• Successfully removing a brain tumour for the first time
  The first surgeon to successfully remove a brain tumour was Sir William Macewen.
• The light harvesting complex from photosynthetic bacteria.
  The model of the light harvesting complex, the first of such protein structures to be determined in the UK, demonstrates how the photosynthetic bacteria capture and transmit energy from the sun.
• Undertaking the largest long-term study of the health of socially deprived populations in the UK
  The key findings of the MIDSPAN research studies have broadened our understanding of risk factors associated with respiratory illness, coronary heart disease, stroke, and cancer.
• Winning the Nobel Peace Prize
  John Boyd Orr was the first scientist to show that there was a link between poverty, poor diet, and ill health and is the founding father of modern nutrition science.
• Winning the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1988
  The world of clinical pharmacology was greatly advanced with James Black's discoveries of the first beta-blocking heart drug in the 1950s (propranolol), and the first drug to block stomach acid secretion (cimetidine) in 1977.
• Work on nucleotides and nucleotide co-enzymes
  The 1957 Nobel Prize for Chemistry was awarded to Sir Alexander Todd for his work on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes. His research led directly to the understanding of nucleic acids and Watson and Crick discovering the helical structure of DNA in 1962.
• Writing a classic text on medical jurisprudence, toxicology and public health
  From first publication, Glaister's A Textbook of Medical Jurisprudence, Toxicology and Public Health was hailed as essential reading for all those connected with forensic medicine and science.
• Writing novels and screenplays of international repute.
  The quality of William Boyd's books and short stories, has been recognised by the award of several major literary prizes. They have been translated into more than thirty languages.

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People

• Aitchison, John
  An award winning statistician who revolutionised the way Geologists analyse data.
• Andross, Mary
  A pioneer of the dietetic profession.
• Baird, John Logie
  The inventor of television.
• Barnwell, Frank
  A pioneering aircraft designer who achieved the first powered flight in Scotland.
• Barr, Archibald
  A world leading inventor and businessman.
• Barton, Sir Derek
  A Nobel prize winning chemist, whose work on the concept of conformation in chemistry was groundbreaking.
• Bell Burnell, Dame (Susan) Jocelyn
  An internationally acclaimed astronomer, honoured for her discovery of pulsars.
• Black, Sir James
  A Nobel prizewinning pharmacologist whose invention of beta blockers was hailed as one of the most important drug discoveries of the century.
• Bond, Sir Michael
  A leading psychiatrist, who with Bryan Jennett, created the Glasgow Outcome Scale.
• Boyd, Ian
  An award winning physiologist who pioneered the use of electronic methods to study the muscle spindle and the heart.
• Boyd, William
  An internationally acclaimed novelist and screenwriter, who has won many prizes including the Costa and Los Angeles Times awards.
• Bryce, John
  A noted literary scholar who co-edited the internationally acclaimed Glasgow Edition of the Works and Correspondence of Adam Smith in 7 volumes.
• Cairncross, Sir Alec
  An internationally renowned economist who, with Donald Robertson, pioneered multi-disciplinary social and economic research.
• Cameron, Murdoch
  An exceptional obstetrician who was first to successfully perform a series of Caesarian sections, proving them safe, routine operations.
• Campbell, Jessie
  A philanthropist and education pioneer whose vision for women's education was realised by the creation of Queen Margaret College.
• Campbell, Roy
  A noted economic historian who co-edited the internationally acclaimed Glasgow Edition of the Works and Correspondence of Adam Smith in 7 volumes.
• Campbell-Bannerman, Sir Henry
  British Prime Minister 1905-1908
• Carmichael, Kay
  An influential policy adviser, lecturer and activist, credited with establishing the UK's first training programme for probation officers.
• Carswell, Catherine
  A celebrated novelist and biographer, and one of the most significant Scottish women writers of the early 20th century.
• Cartmell, Matthew
  An acclaimed engineer who has developed technology which could revolutionise space rocket propulsion systems.
• Cogdell, Richard
  An acclaimed botanist who, with chemist Neil Isaacs, conducted seminal research into the structure and function of bacterial reaction centres and light-harvesting complexes.
• Cranston, John Arnold
  An eminent physicist who, with Frederick Soddy, discovered the element Protactinium (Pa-231).
• Crowson, Roy Albert
  An esteemed evolutionary biologist whose system of classification of beetles has become a standard.
• Curran, Sir Samuel Crowe
  An exceptional physicist whose inventions were used in laboratories all over the world.
• Currie, Ethel Dobbie
  A distinguished geologist and one of the first women to be appointed as a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.
• Dewar, Donald
  First Minister of Scotland 1999-2000
• Donald, Ian
  An outstanding obstetrician and inventor of the first diagnostic ultrasound machine.
• Edwards, Robert Geoffrey
  A Nobel prize-winning biologist who pioneered in vitro fertilisation.
• Elder, Isabella
  A prominent philanthropist and pioneer of educational development across social barriers.
• Eldridge, John
  An influential sociologist who, with Greg Philo, created the award winning Glasgow Media Group.
• Elliot, Walter
  Member of the British Cabinet 1932-1940.
• Ewing, Winnie
  The accomplished politician who brought the Scottish National Party to prominence with her victory in the 1967 Hamilton By-Election.
• Fallick, Anthony
  A distinguished geoscientist who revolutionised our understanding of the earth's geodynamic carbon cycle.
• Fergus, Oswald
  A forward thinking dentist who developed a simulated head for training dental students.
• Ferguson-Smith, Malcolm
  A celebrated geneticist whose work on gene mapping has shaped our understanding of human evolution.
• Franks, Oliver
  The remarkable philosopher and diplomat who was instrumental in brokering the Marshall Plan after the Second World War and who, as British Ambassador to Washington 1948-1952 negotiated on Britain's behalf in the formation of NATO.
• Fraser, Kate
  A pioneering psychiatrist who was influential in establishing the employment rights of those with mental health issues.
• Galloway, Janet Anne
  A noted pioneer of women's education.
• Geddes, Dorothy
  A pioneering dental surgeon, she was the first woman to hold a chair in dentistry in any UK University.
• Gibson, Sir Alexander
  A celebrated conductor and founder Scottish Opera.
• Gibson, Thomas
  A pioneering surgeon who was first to understand the rejection grafts of tissue taken from a donor as an antigen-antibody reaction.
• Glaister, John
  A forensic scientist famed for his expert testimony in prominent legal cases and for a classic text that moulded the development of his subject.
• Gloag, William
  A prominent legal educator, the textbook he co-authored with RC Henderson became a classic, still in use in the 21st century.
• Graham, David
  An eminent neuropathologist who, with Hume Adams and David Doyle, established conculsively that Ischaemic brain damage (IBD) is an important cause of mortality and morbidity after head injury.
• Hawthorne, Victor
  A distinguished epidemiologist who set up the MIDSPAN Project which is largest long-term health study of socio-economically deprived areas in the UK.
• Hemingway, R Gordon
  A prominent animal scientist who, with James Parkins and Norman Ritchie, developed the first intra-ruminal bolus for cattle to prevent mineral deficiencies.
• Henderson, Sir David
  A forward thinking army officer who is credited with being the 'Father of the Royal Air Force'.
• Herbison, Peggy
  A notable politician, government minister and campaigner, she was named Scotswoman of the year in 1970.
• Hobsbaum, Philip
  A highly influential poet and literary critic, who had a great impact on many writers including Seamus Heaney, Alasdair Gray and Liz Lochhead.
• Houston, David
  A distinguished zoologist whose experiments with Pat Monaghan were the first to demonstrate that female birds of certain species could adjust the sex ratio of the eggs they produced in response to environmental circumstances.
• Hutchison, William McPhee
  An eminent zoologist who discovered that cats are the source of the Toxoplasma parasite infection in humans.
• Isaacs, Neil
  A distinguished chemist who, with botanist Richard Cogdell, conducted seminal research into the structure and function of bacterial reaction centres and light-harvesting complexes.
• Jarrett, Bill
  An acclaimed veterinary scientist who discovered the viral cause of feline leukaemia and who was one of the team who created the first commercial vaccine for a parasitic disease in cattle.
• Jennett, Bryan
  The leading neurosurgeon of his day, with Graham Teasdale, he created the Glasgow Coma Scale and with Michael Bond, he created the Glasgow Outcome Scale.
• Jennings, Frank
  An eminent veterinary scientist, who was on the team who created the first commercial vaccine for a parasitic disease in cattle.
• Johnston, Tom
  Secretary of State for Scotland 1941-1945
• Kay, Christian
  A language scholar and part of the team who created the award winning Historical Thesaurus of the Oxford English Dictionary.
• Kenny, Gavin
  A prominent anaesthetist, who developed the first commercially available computer-assisted anaesthetic delivery system.
• Laing, R D
  A world-renowned psychiatrist, his radical approach questioned all norms of the mental health practioners of his day.
• Law, Andrew Bonar
  British Prime Minister 1922-1923.
• Lean, Michael
  A prominent nutritionist, his work on the link between waist circumference and chronic heart disease and type 2 diabetes has been hugely influential in their prevention and treatment.
• Leiper, Robert Thomson
  The father of modern helminthology.
• Leishman, Sir William Boog
  A celebtrated bacteriologist, he discovered the cause of the disease later named Leishmaniasis.
• Lister, Joseph
  The surgeon who transformed operating practice with his system of antiseptic surgery.
• MacCormick, John
  One of the founding fathers of the Scottish Nationalist movement.
• MacCormick, Sir Neil
  An internationally recognised legal philosopher and politician, his works were hugely important in our understanding of the role of law in shaping society.
• Macewen, Sir William
  The pioneering surgeon who undertook the first successful removal of a brain tumour.
• Macfarlane, Peter
  An award winning electrocardiologist who pioneered the use of computers in hospital-baased ECG interpretation.
• Macfie, Alec Lawrence
  A noted political economist who co-edited the internationally acclaimed Glasgow Edition of the Works and Correspondence of Adam Smith in 7 volumes.
• MacIntyre, John
  An acclaimed radiologist and pioneer of the use of X-rays as a therapeutic tool.
• MacKie, Rona
  An award winning dermatologist who demonstrated the dangers of using melanoma patients as transplant donors.
• Maclean, John
  A revolutionary socialist and leading member of the Red Clydeside movement.
• MacRobert, Thomas Murray
  An internationally renowned research mathematician, who discovered the E-function.
• Marshall, Sheina
  A major figure in British biological oceanography, she was one of the first women to be made a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.
• Mavor, Osborne Henry
  Better known as playright James Bridie, he was one of Scotland's most influential writers and founder of the Glasgow Citizens Theatre.
• Maxton, James
  A politician and leading member of the Red Clydeside movement.
• McAllister, Anne
  A pioneering speech therapist, she was one of the founders of the profession in the UK.
• McIlroy, Dame Anne Louise
  A pioneering obstetrician, gynaecologist and surgeon, who became the first woman medical professor in the UK.
• McIntyre, Ian
  An eminent veterinary scientist, who was on the team who created the first commercial vaccine for a parasitic disease in cattle.
• Meek, Ronald
  A noted political economist who co-edited the internationally acclaimed Glasgow Edition of the Works and Correspondence of Adam Smith in 7 volumes.
• Melville, Frances
  A noted suffragist and campaigner for women's rights to higher education, she was the first women to graduate with a Bachelor of Theology degree from a Scottish University.
• Monaghan, Pat
  An esteemed ecologist, whose experiments were first to demonstrate that female birds of certain species could adjust the sex ratio of the eggs they produced in response to environmental circumstances.
• Morgan, Edwin
  Widely recognised as one of the foremost Scottish poets of his generation, he was the first Poet Laureate for Glasgow and National Poet for Scotland.
• Mulligan, William
  An eminent biochemist, who was on the team who created the first commercial vaccine for a parasitic disease in cattle.
• Nove, Alexander
  An influential economist and historian who became advisor to successive British Ambassadors to the Soviet Union and was instrumental in changing British Government policy towards the Soviet Union in the early 1980s.
• Orr, John Boyd
  A Nobel prize winning nutritionist and physiologist, who led pioneering studies in the nutition of farm animals and human populations.
• Parkins, James
  A prominent animal scientist who, with Gordon Hemingway and Norman Ritchie, developed the first intra-ruminal bolus for cattle to prevent mineral deficiencies.
• Philo, Greg
  An influential sociologist who, with John Eldridge, is responsible for the success of the award winning Glasgow Media Group.
• Pirret, Ruth
  A pioneering nuclear chemist whose work with Frederick Soddy shed new light on the disintegration theory of radioactivity.
• Pontecorvo, Guido
  A ground breaking geneticist who established the fungus Aspergillus nidulans as a conventient genetical tool and who discovered and patented the 'Parasexual cycle'.
• Ramsay, Sir William
  A Nobel prizewinning chemist who discovered the inert gaseous elements in air and determined their place in the periodic system.
• Raphael, David
  A noted philosopher who co-edited the internationally acclaimed Glasgow Edition of the Works and Correspondence of Adam Smith in 7 volumes.
• Ritchie, Norman
  A prominent animal scientist who, with Gordon Hemingway and James Parkins, developed the first intra-ruminal bolus for cattle to prevent mineral deficiencies.
• Roberts, Jane
  A language scholar and part of the team who created the award winning Historical Thesaurus of the Oxford English Dictionary.
• Robertson, Anne
  An award winning Roman archaeologist and numismatist.
• Robertson, Donald
  One of the leading industrial relations experts of his day, with Alec Cairncross, he pioneered multi-disciplinary social and economic research.
• Robertson, J Monteath
  The founder of organic crystallography.
• Robertson, Muriel
  A noted zoologist who made key discoveries of the life cycle of Trypanosomes.
• Ross, Willie
  Secretary of State for Scotland, 1964-1970 and 1974-1976.
• Samuels, Michael
  A language scholar and founder of the award winning Historical Thesaurus of the Oxford English Dictionary Project.
• Sanderson, David C W
  An eminent environmental physicist who developed robust methods and protocols for detecting irradiated foods.
• Scott , Roger
  A renowned nuclear physicist who was responsible for the first successful delicensing of a nuclear reactor in the UK.
• Shepherd, James
  A world leading pathologist whose work with the WOSCOPS research team led to the introduction of statins in the UK as a treatment to prevent heart attacks.
• Silver, Robert
  An internationally honoured mechanical engineer whose system for desalination was adopted as an industry standard.
• Skinner, Andrew
  A noted political economist who co-edited the internationally acclaimed Glasgow Edition of the Works and Correspondence of Adam Smith in 7 volumes.
• Smith, Adam
  Father of modern economics
• Smith, John
  Leader of the Opposition in the House of Commons, 1992-1994
• Soddy, Frederick
  A Nobel prizewinning chemist, honoured for his discovery of isotopes.
• Spens, Janet
  One of the leading literary critics of her day, she co-founded Laurel Bank School in Glasgow.
• Takamine, Jokichi
  An eminent chemist, his discovery, and commericial application, of synthetic adrenalin was instrumental in establishing the US biotech industry.
• Teasdale, Sir Graham
  A leading neurosurgeon, with Bryan Jennet, he created the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS).
• Thomson, Derick Smith
  One of the leading Gaelic poets and critics of his generation, he published and edited the Gaelic language magazine Gairm for over fifty years.
• Thomson, Sir William
  The University of Glasgow's most eminent physicist, honoured in many countries for his numerous inventions.
• Todd, Sir Alexander
  A Nobel prizewinning chemist, honoured for his research on nucleotides and nucleotide co-enzymes.
• Touschek, Bruno
  A world leading physicist who invented the storage ring most commonly used for storing high-energy elementary particles.
• Urquhart, George
  An eminent veterinary scientist, who was on the team who created the first commercial vaccine for a parasitic disease in cattle.
• Vickerman, Keith
  An acclaimed zoologist who was first to demonstrate the existence of variable surface antigen types in metacyclic trypanosomes.
• Williams, Sir Alwyn
  A prominent geologist who discovered silica and phosphate biominerals in brachiopod shells.
• Wotherspoon, Irene
  A language scholar and part of the team who created the award winning Historical Thesaurus of the Oxford English Dictionary.

[Back to top]

Themes

• Arts
• Politics and Statesmanship
• Science and Engineering
• Social Sciences
• Veterinary, Medical and Life Sciences
• Women

[Back to top]

Timeline Entries

• 1776: Publication of the Wealth of Nations
  The publication of An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, generally referred to by its shortened title The Wealth of Nations.
• 1861: Start of American Civil War
  Start of American Civil War
• 1866: Alfred Nobel produces dynamite
  Alfred Nobel produces dynamite
• 1867: Publication of break-through research the use of antiseptic in surgery
  The acceptance of Joseph Lister's method of the use of carbolic acid in the operating theatre has saved millions of lives.
• 1868: Association for the Higher Education of Women is formed
  A series of 'Lectures for ladies' is organised by Jessie Campbell.
• 1876: Alexander Graham Bell invents telephone
  Alexander Graham Bell invents telephone
• 1877: Association for the Higher Education of Women is formed
  The Association for the Higher Education of Women is formed by Jessie Campbell.
• 1878: Thomas Edison develops electric light
  Thomas Edison develops electric light
• 1879: First successful removal of a brain tumour
  In 1879 William Macewen, a pioneering surgeon, successfully removed the first brain tumour.
• 1886: First Automobile
  Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz produce first automobiles
• 1888: First successful Caesarean section in Glasgow
  Murdoch Cameron performed the first successful Caesarean section in Glasgow.
• 1888: Professor Barr meets the closing date for submission for a design for a rangefinder to the war Office.
  The War Office required that a rangefinder design had to be submitted to them by 1 August 1888, and a completed instrument by 31 December. Encouraged by Lord Kelvin, Barr and Stroud worked quickly on their innovative design.
• 1889: Eiffel Tower Built
  Eiffel Tower built in Paris (designed by Gustave Alexandre Eiffel)
• 1890: First Motion Pictures
  Lumiere bothers develop motion pictures
• 1890: Murdoch Cameron reports on his first 14 successful Caesarean section operations in Glasgow
  Murdoch Cameron published the results of his 14 successful Caesarean sections in the British Medical Journal.
• 1892: First UK scientist to be elevated to the House of Lords
  William Thomson, Baron Kelvin of Largs was the first UK scientist to be elevated to the House of Lords.
• 1892: The Admiralty hold trials of Professor Barr's rangefinder
  Preliminary trials aboard the HMS Arethusa proved Barr & Stroud's instrument the most accurate of any tested and led to further trials and orders.
• 1893: British Labour Party formed
  British Labour Party formed
• 1894: Discovery of argon
  Sir William Ramsay jointly discovered, with Lord Rayleigh, the inert gas argon in 1898.
• 1894: First patent on a microbial enzyme in the USA.
  Jokichi Takamine patened his method of producing a diastatic (amylase) enzyme from Aspergillus oryzae. He licensed his Aspergillus enzyme preparation to Parke, Davis & Company of Detroit, Michigan, under the brand name 'Taka-diastase'.
• 1894: First demonstration of the phantom dental head
  Between the 29 and the 31 March 1894 Fergus Oswald presented his phantom dental head invention at a dental conference.
• 1895: Discovery of helium
  The inert gas helium was discovered by Sir William Ramsay in 1898.
• 1895: First radio message
  Guglielmo Marconi sends first radio message
• 1896: Established the world's first hospital x-ray unit
  John Macintyre opened the world's first x-ray unit in a hospital in the Glasgow Royal Infirmary in March 1896.
• 1898: Discovery of neon, krypton, and xenon
  The inert gases neon, krypton, and xenon were discovered by Nobel Prize winner, Sir William Ramsay in 1898.
• 1900: Discovery of the cause of Leishmaniasis
  Discovery of the cause of tropical disease Leishmaniasis
• 1900: Discovery and patenting of adrenalin
  Jokichi Takamine isolated the chemical adrenalin (now called epinephrine) from the suprarenal gland. This was the first pure hormone to be isolated from natural sources.
• 1901: Death of Queen Victoria
  Death of Queen Victoria
• 1902: The publication of Glaister's handbook on forensic techniques is an immediate success
  In the Scotsman review, A text-book of medical jurisprudence, toxicology and public health is praised for its breadth and ease of use "To specify all the matters discussed in its pages would take up the greater part of a column:... [they are] in turn shortly, clearly and expertly dealt with.
• 1903: First Flight
  Wright Brothers make first controlled flight in aeroplane
• 1904: Nobel Prize for Chemistry
  Sir William Ramsay was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1904 "in recognition of his services in the discovery of the inert gaseous elements in air, and his determination of their place in the periodic system."
• 1905: Becoming British Prime Minister
  As Prime Minister, Henry Campbell-Bannerman introduced legislation to protect trade unions and to provide free school meals for children.
• 1909: First powered flight in Scotland
  The Barnwell brothers successfully flew their car engine powered biplane at Causwayhead in Stirling.
• 1910: Leading literary critic of her time
  In 1910 Janet Spens was the first woman to be awarded a DLitt by the University of Glasgow.
• 1911: First powered flight in Scotland to travel for more than a mile
  The Barnwell brothers successfully flew for more than a mile, the first Scottish plane to do so.
• 1913: Isotopes discovered
  Discovery of "radio elements chemically non-separable" named as "isotopes"
• 1913: Publication of key discoveries of the life cycle of Trypanosomes
  Muriel Robertson published her important research paper on the cause of African trypanosomiasis, commonly known as sleeping sickness.
• 1914: First World War Begins
  First World War - Germany/Austria vs Britain/France/Russia
• 1914: John Logie Baird registers as a student
  John Logie Baird came to the University of Glasgow in the autumn of 1914, later describing it as a sensible decision.
• 1915: Catherine Carswell loses her job as literary critic for the Glasgow Herald
  Carswell knew her enthusiastic review of D H Lawrence’s The Rainbow would be controversial and she sent it straight to the printers without the knowledge of the editors.
• 1915: Discovery of cause of schistosomiasis
  The discovery of the cause of schistosomiasis (bilharzia or snail fever) a chronic disease was made by Robert Leiper as a War Office consultant parasitologist
• 1915: Protactinium (element 91 in the periodic table) discovered
  Element 91 in the periodic table, Protactinium is discovered by John A Cranston
• 1916: Mary Andross graduates BSc
  In 1916 the pioneering dietician Mary Andross graduated with a BSc from the University after studying Anatomy, Organic Chemistry, Zoology, Natural Philosophy and Physiology.
• 1916: Theory of Relativity
  Albert Einstein publishes General Theory of Relativity
• 1918: Establishment of the Royal Air Force
  The Royal Air Force was established as an independent service in 1918 due to the efforts of Sir David Henderson.
• 1918: First World War Ends
  End of First World War (25m killed) - Versailles Conference
• 1918: Votes for Women
  Women over 30 granted right to vote in Britain
• 1918: Spanish Flu
  Spanish influenza pandemic (50 to 100 million killed worldwide)
• 1918: John Maclean's release from prison
  John Maclean was released from Peterhead Prison after serving only 8 months of his 5 year sentence for sedition.
• 1920: Catherine Carswell publishes her first novel
  Open the Door was published by Andrew Melrose. It also won the Melrose prize.
• 1921: Nobel Prize for Chemistry
  Frederick Soddy awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his work on isotopes
• 1922: British Prime Minister
  Andrew Bonar Law is the only British Prime Minister to be born outside the UK.
• 1922: Elected Labour MP
  James Maxton was one of the 10 "Wild Clydesiders" who left for Westminster after the 1922 General Election.
• 1923: Journal of Helminthology founded
  Robert Leiper was the founder of the Journal of Helminthology
• 1924: Mary Andross appointed as lecturer at the Glasgow and West of Scotland College of Domestic Science
  The appointment led to innovative teaching and research in dietetics.
• 1926: Television is successfully demonstrated for the first time
  John Logie Baird successfully demonstrated his 'Televisor' to an audience of Royal Institution members in London. The Times of 28 January concluded that "It has yet to be seen to what extent further developments will carry Mr Baird's system towards practical use."
• 1926: General Strike
  General Strike in Britain
• 1927: First honorary degree awarded to a Scottish female academic
  The University of Glasgow awarded the first honorary degree to a Scottish female academic, Frances Melville in 1927.
• 1927: The publication of Gloag and Henderson's first edition of The Law of Scotland is an immediate success
  In the Scotsman review it is described in glowing terms - "Its lucid and well systemised exposition may indeed, prove useful to busy practitioners, who have not ready access to the older works of reference".
• 1928: Penicillin Discovered
  Sir Alexander Fleming discovers penicillin
• 1929: US Stock Market Crash
  US Stock Market Crash
• 1929: BBC transmits its first experimental television broadcast
  This transmission used John Logie Baird's 30 line system.
• 1929: Introduction of legislation to provide school milk
  Walter Elliot, newly in opposition, introduced the Education (Scotland) Bill into the House of Commons as a private member to allow Scottish Local Education Authorities to provide free or subsidized school milk.
• 1932: BBC transmits its first public television broadcast
  This transmission used John Logie Baird's 30 line system.
• 1934: Introduction of legislation to provide school milk
  Walter Elliot was behind the Milk Act 1934, establishing a 'Milk in Schools' scheme which by 1939 was supplying a third of a pint of milk daily to 50 per cent of primary school children in the UK.
• 1934: Establishment of the Scottish National Party
  The Scottish National Party was founded from a merger of the National Party of Scotland and the Scottish Party in 1934.
• 1935: Establishment of a important educational centre for the treatment of speech impediment
  The Glasgow School of Speech Therapy was founded by Anne McAllister, a pioneer in speech therapy.
• 1936: Publication of pioneering textbook on pregnancy
  Dame Louise McIlroy published her pioneering textbook, The Toxaemias of Pregnancy in 1936.
• 1936: Publication of research paper demonstrating link between poverty, poor diet and ill health.
  John Boyd Orr was the first scientist to show that there was a link between poverty, poor diet and ill health.
• 1936: Spanish Civil War starts
  Spanish Civil War starts
• 1937: Publication of important work on speech therapy
  Anne McAllister's publication Clinical Studies in Speech Therapy established her international reputation as a speech therapist.
• 1938: Formulation of the E-function and the discovery of its fundamental properties.
  MacRoberts developed extensively the theory of the special functions, especially E-function, which arise in the mathematical analysis of physical problems.
• 1939: Second World War Begins
  Britain and France enter Second World War after Hitler invades Poland
• 1942: Manhattan Project
  Manhattan Project established to develop atomic bomb
• 1943: Foundation of Glasgow Citizens' Theatre
  Glasgow Citizens' Theatre established
• 1943: Principles of tissue transplantation established
  Principles of tissue transplantation established
• 1943: Creation of the North of Scotland Hydro-electric Board
  As Secretary of State Tom Johnston was instrumental in creating the North of Scotland Hydro-electric Board to generate employment, improve social conditions and power new industries.
• 1944: Invention of the scintillation counter
  Sir Samuel Curran the scintillation counter to detect small quantities of uranium while working on the Manhattan project.
• 1944: Rights of the mentally ill are included in Disabled Persons Employment Act 1944.
  Kate Fraser, a pioneer of mental health, ensured that the mentally ill were included in the provisions of the Disabled Persons Employment Act 1944.
• 1945: Second World War Ends
  Germany surrenders - end of Second World War (45m killed)
• 1945: First Functional Computer
  ENIAC considered to be first functional computer developed
• 1945: UN Formed
  United Nations (UN) formed
• 1946: Department of Social and Economic Research was established
  The Department of Social and Economic Research was established at the University of Glasgow in 1946 with the assistance of Dr J Cunnison. Financial backing was provided by the Rockefeller Foundation. The mission of the new department was to research social and economic conditions in Glasgow.
• 1947: Preparing the Marshall Plan
  Oliver Franks prepared the "scheme for the comprehensive restoration of the economy of Europe" - the Marshall Plan.
• 1948: Publication of research paper describing a new technique for counting
  Sir Samuel Curran invented a means to detect and measure beta particles.
• 1949: Awarded the Nobel Peace Prize
  The renown nutritionist and physiologist John Boyd Orr received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1949 for his scientific research into nutrition and his work as the first Director-General of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization.
• 1949: Establishing the fungus Aspergillus nidulans as a convenient genetical tool
  Guido Pontecorvo undertook pioneering work in genetics by establishing the fungus Aspergillus nidulans as a convenient genetical tool, which is now used throughout the world
• 1949: Negotiating the NATO Treaty
  Oliver Franks negotiated the Atlantic Treaty on behalf of the UK and was the guarantor of the treaty on the European side.
• 1950: Derek Barton's influential paper The Conformation of the Steroid Nucleus is published in Experimentia
  This paper led to Derek Barton, the University's Regius Professor of Chemistry, winning the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1969.
• 1950: Discovery of the ‘Parasexual cycle’
  A pioneer in microbial genetics, Guido Pontecorvo discovered, in collaboration with Alan Roper, the cycle that causes genetic re-assortment without sexual reproduction (parasexual cycle).
• 1950: Korean War Starts
  Korean War starts - Communist North vs Capitalist South
• 1953: Founder of the publishing house, Gairm
  The Gaelic poet and scholar, Ruaraidh MacThòmais (Derick Thomson)founded the publishing house, Gairm.
• 1953: First successful patenting of a natural biological process
  The Parasexual Cycle was successfully patented by Guido Pontecorvo and Alan Roper in 1954.
• 1953: Everest Ascent
  New Zealander Sir Edmund Hillary first to reach summit of Everest
• 1954: Publication of leading research on Scottish
  Jurassic ammonites,
• 1955: Clarification of the structure of vitamin B12
  Sir Alexander Todd elucidated the structure of vitamin B12 and subsequently working on the structure and synthesis of vitamin B1 and vitamin E.
• 1955: Publication of important research on marine copepods
  Sheina Marshall's publication of her research with Andrew Orr of the biology of the marine copepod, Calanus finmarchicus Gunnerus was very significant the economy of western Scotland.
• 1955: Publication of important research proving that waist circumference is an indicator of the risk of heart disease
  Mile Lean argued waist measurement as a single identification of people who might be at risk from heart disease.
• 1955: Publication of a standard classification system
  The publication of this work on the classification of British beetles is a standard in taxonomy.
• 1955: Warsaw Pact Signed
  Warsaw Pact signed by USSR, Poland, Romania, Hungary, Poland, East Germany, Czechoslovakia and Albania
• 1957: Award of Nobel Prize for Chemistry
  The Nobel Prize for Chemistry was awarded to Sir Alexander Todd in 1957 for his work on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes.
• 1957: First Sattelite Launched
  Russian Sputnik sattelite launched
• 1957: EEC Established
  European Economic Comunity (EEC) established
• 1958: Discovery of first beta-blocking heart drug to treat coronary heart disease
  In the 1950s James Black developed propranolol, the beta-blocker which revolutionized the medical management of angina.
• 1958: Contraceptive Pill Available
  Oral contraceptive pill becomes available
• 1958: Publication of important research paper on ultrasound machines
  The first successful diagnostic ultrasound machine was reported in the Lancet by Ian Donald and John MacVicar, in one of the most important papers ever published in the field of diagnostic medical imaging.
• 1959: Production of the vaccine for a parasitic disease of cattle
  In 1959 a team of scientists at Glasgow Veterinary School successfully developed and produced the worlds first commercial vaccine for a parasitic disease affecting cattle (Dictol)
• 1960: ground-breaking Publication of the ground-breaking <i> The Divided Self </i>
  R D Laing, the popular but controversial psychiatrist and psychoanalyst published his ground-breaking The Divided Self in 1960.
• 1960: Devising the concept of a high energy particle collider
  The idea of a collider: a particle accelerator where a particle and its antiparticle circulate the same orbit in opposite direction is the basic proposal of all present-day very high energy particle accelerators, such as the Large Hadron Collider. The prototype device ran successfully within the year.
• 1961: 1961
  Solving the phase problem in chemical crystallography allowing the structures of natural products, synthetic compounds, proteins and biological macromolecules to be determined.
• 1961: Berlin Wall Built
  Berlin Wall built between East and West Germany
• 1961: First Man in Space
  Russian Yuri Gagarin becomes first man in space
• 1962: Publication of Roman Imperial Coins in the Hunter Coin Cabinet
  Publication of the first volume of five which made up the scholarly catalogue of the Roman Imperial Coins in the Hunter Coin Cabinet.
• 1962: Scottish Opera was founded by Sir Alexander Gibson
  Madame Butterflywas the opening performance of Scottish Opera in 1962. It is now the largest performing arts organisation in Scotland.
• 1962: Ian Boyd's influential article on muscle spindles was published by the Royal Society
  Entitled The Structure and Innervation of the Nuclear Bag Muscle Fibre System and the Nuclear Chain Muscle Fibre System in Mammalian Muscle Spindles this article changed our understanding of physiology
• 1963: Alec Nove was appointed Director of the Institute of Soviet and East European Studies
  Needs one
• 1963: The academic journal Soviet Studies was published
  Soviet Studies launched
• 1963: Received award for seawater demineralization
  Robert Silver received the Heat Transfer Division Memorial Award of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers for his contributions to seawater demineralization.
• 1963: Established first human chromosome diagnostic laboratory in the USA.
  Malcolm Ferguson-Smith established the first human chromosome diagnostic laboratory in the USA.
• 1963: JFK Shot
  US President John F Kennedy shot
• 1964: Work begins on the Historical Thesaurus of the Oxford English Dictionary
  Creation of the Historical Thesaurus begins
• 1964: Created the Highlands and Islands Development Board
  Willie Ross was responsible for the creation of the Highlands and Islands Development Board
• 1964: The MIDSPAN studies begin
  The original methodology behind the project has allowed the data and subjects to be used in follow up research in the 21st century.
• 1964: Bill Jarrett publishes his groundbreaking papers on leukemia
  Bill Jarrett and colleagues published the results of their groundbreaking research in Nature.
• 1964: Urban Studies journal was first published
  This was a peer-reviewed academic journal which aimed to provide an international forum of social and economic contributions to the fields of urban and regional planning.
• 1964: Nelson Mandela Jailed
  Nelson Mandela jailed for campaigning against apartheid in South Africa
• 1965: Publication of important research showing that Taxoplasmois is spread by cat faeces
  Pioneering work by William Hutchison in 1965 showed that the faeces of the domestic cat spread Toxoplasma infection which led to new public health measures.
• 1965: Publication of important research on Chromosomal abnormalities
  This paper on chromosomal abnormalities rejected by became a Citation Classic in 1991.
• 1966: Introduction of Supplementary Benefit
  As Minister of Social Security, Margaret Herbison abolished the National Assistance Scheme and introduced Supplementary Benefit.
• 1967: First Human Heart Transplant
  First human heart transplant performed in South Africa
• 1967: Discovery of pulsars
  The discovery of pulsars provided the first direct evidence for the existence of black holes.
• 1967: Winning the 1967 Hamilton by-election for the SNP
  The victory of Winnie Ewing in the 1967 Hamilton by-election, thrust the SNP and issues of Scottish independence and devolution onto the Scottish political agenda.
• 1968: First fertilization of a human egg in the laboratory
  Robert Edwards successfully demonstrated that human egg cells could be fertilised outside the body.
• 1969: Concorde Maiden Flight
  British supersonic aircraft Concorde makes maiden flight
• 1969: First Man on the Moon
  Neil Armstrong becomes first man to walk on Moon
• 1970: Creation of 'The Glasgow Program'
  'The Glasgow Program', the first commercially successful software developed to allow clinicians to interpret ECG results.
• 1971: Publication of major research Paper on Ischaemic Brain Damage
  The results of collaborative research demonstrates that Ischaemic Brain Damage is an important cause of mortality and morbidity after head injury.
• 1973: Britain Joins EEC
  Britain joins European Economic Community
• 1974: Foundation of the Glasgow University Media Group
  The Glasgow University Media Group was the first research group to develop a systematic detailed analysis of TV journalism, particularly news broadcasting.
• 1974: Watergate Scandal
  Watergate Scandal - Richard Nixon quits as US President
• 1974: First publication of the Glasgow Coma Scale
  Graham Teasdale and Bryan Jennett publish their world changing text about the Glasgow Coma Scale in the Lancet titled "Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness. A practical scale"
• 1975: Development of the Glasgow Outcome Scale
  Bryan Jennett and Michael Bond's publish their world changing paper about the Glasgow Outcome Scale in the Lancet titled "Assessment of outcome after severe brain damage. A practical scale". Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) has become the most widely used scale for assessing patient outcome after suffering a serious brain injury.
• 1976: Bicentenary conference on Adam Smith is held in Glasgow
  Academics from around the world gathered in Glasgow to celebrate the bicentenary of the publication of the Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations.
• 1977: Discovery of the first drug to block stomach acid secretion to treat gastric ulcers
  James Black developed the drug cimetidine to treat stomach ulcers which became the highest selling drug in the world.
• 1977: Kay Carmichael spends 3 months living in the Lilybank scheme in Glasgow
  Kay Carmichael spent 3 months in 1977 living on the breadline in Glasgow's east End and was filmed for a 3 part landmark BBC documentary series.
• 1978: First female chair of Dermatology in the UK
  In 1978 Rona Mackie became the first female chair of Dermatology in the UK.
• 1978: Publication of important work on legal philosophy
  In Legal Reasoning and Legal Theory Neil MacCormick answers many of the Dworkinian critiques of the Hartian conception of law.
• 1978: Publication of ground-breaking research papers relating to Trypanosomes
  The research undertaken by Keith Vickerman demonstrated the existence of variable surface antigen types in Trypanosomes, enabled the development of a vaccine against one of Africa’s most important diseases.
• 1978: Birth of first test tube baby
  Robert Edwards devised the fertility treatment IVF which led to the birth of Louise Joy Brown.
• 1979: Margaret Thatcher becomes British Prime Minister
  Margaret Thatcher becomes British Prime Minister
• 1980: First and only patented bolus that supplies a sustained dietary supplement to ruminant animals.
  The All-Trace bolus was patented by the University of Glasgow in 1980 to supply a sustained dietary supplement of all 7 trace elements and the 3 fat soluble vitamins required by ruminant animals.
• 1981: AIDS becomes major health threat throughout world
  AIDS becomes major health threat throughout world
• 1982: First reading of influential paper
  John Aitchison gave the first reading of "The Statistical Analysis of Compositional Data" which later won him a Royal Statistical Society Guy Medal.
• 1982: Falklands War
  Britain regains Falklands Islands (Malvinas) after Argentinian occupation
• 1982: Chairing the enquiry into the Falklands war the Plan
  Oliver Franks chaired the official enquiry into the Falklands War, the Falklands Islands Review being published in January 1983.
• 1984: Miners Strike
  Miners Strike in Britain
• 1984: Famine in Ethiopia
  Drought and famine in Ethiopia, Eritrea and Sudan
• 1986: Chernobyl Disaster
  Chernobyl nuclear power station explodes, contaminating most of Europe
• 1986: First demonstration of the use of Thermoluminescence to detect irradiated potatoes
  Demonstration of method to detect irradiated foods
• 1988: Nobel Prize: novel drug design
  Sir James Black, Gertrude Elion and George Hitchings were awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1988 "for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatments".
• 1988: John Aitchison is awarded the Guy Medal in Silver
  John Aitchison is awarded the Guy Medal in Silver for his work on compositional analysis.
• 1989: Publication of important research on the earth's ancient history
  In 1989, Anthony Fallick changed the way that the geodynamic cycle on earth is understood.
• 1989: Tianenmen Square
  Pro-democracy protest in Tianenmen Square, Beijing, brutally crushed
• 1989: Berlin Wall demolished
  Berlin Wall demolished, Overthrow of communist rule in Poland, Hungary, East Germany and Bulgaria, Non-violent Velvet Revolution in Czechoslovakia, Violent overthrow of Ceausescu's communist regime in Romania
• 1990: First female to be awarded a professorship in dentistry in the UK
  In 1990, Dorothy Geddes became the first female academic in dentistry in the UK to be awarded a professorship.
• 1990: Neslon Mandela released
  Neslon Mandela released - end of apartheid in South Africa
• 1990: Hubble Space Telescope launched
  Hubble Space Telescope launched
• 1990: Official dissolution of Warsaw Pact
  Official dissolution of Warsaw Pact. USSR breaks up into constituent countries - end of Soviet era
• 1991: Gulf War Starts
  Persian Gulf War starts after Iraq invades Kuwait
• 1992: Elected leader of the Labour Party
  John Smith became Leader of the Labour Party
• 1993: EU Formed
  European Union (EU) formed by former EEC members
• 1994: Channel Tunnel Inaugurated
  "Chunnel", rail tunnel between England and France, inaugurated
• 1995: Michael Bond's Knighthood is announced
  In the New Years Honours List, it is announced that Michael Bond is to receive a knighthood.
• 1995: Publication of important research paper determining structure of the light harvesting comples in photosynthetic bacteria
  The model the light harvesting purple bacterium Rhodopseudomonas acidophila demonstrated how the photosynthetic bacteria capture and transmit energy from the sun.
• 1995: Creation of innovative post graduate course in creative writing
  The successful MLitt programme in Creative Writing at the University of Glasgow was conceived by Philip Hobsbaum.
• 1995: Landmark study on drug to prevent heart-attacks
  The West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study (WOSCOPS) study demonstrated that treatment with pravastatin significantly reduced the risk of first-time heart attack. Statins are now used world-wide.
• 1996: The launch of the Diprifuser ®
  Diprifuser launched to control anaesthesia during surgery
• 1997: Changing the understanding of biomineralisation in living organisms
  Alwyn Williams' discovery that there is a major change in cellular and biochemical processes in the creation of the shells of marine brachiopods changed the understanding of biomineralisation in living organisms.
• 1997: Krumbein Medal awarded in Barcelona.
  John Aitchison is awarded the William Christian Krumbein Medal at the Annual Conference of the International Association for Mathematical Geosciences. The award was first announced in 1995.
• 1998: Motorised Momentum Exchange Tether revolutionises space flight
  Motorised Momentum Exchange Tether revolutionises space rocket propulsion
• 1998: Publication of research paper demonstrating sex ratio theory in birds
  Pat Monaghan and David Clouston laid the research which demonstrated that the maternal condition of birds can manipulate the sex ration of their offspring.
• 1999: Appointed First Minister of Scotland
  Appointed the first First Minister of Scotland, Donald Dewar presided over a coalition administration of the Labour and Liberal Democrat parties.
• 1999: Euro Launched
  Euro launched on international currency markets
• 2003: Research showing dangers of using organs from melanoma patients
  Rona Mackie and Robin Reid concluded in 2003 that no patient with invasive melanoma should ever be an organ donor.
• 2004: Appointed National Poet for Scotland
  Internationally regarded as one of the greatest poets of his generation, Edwin Morgan was the first Scottish Makar (National Poet of Scotland)
• 2005: First delicensing of a nuclear reactor
  First nuclear reactor to be delicensed.
• 2005: The Harold and Frank Barnwell Memorial is unveiled.
  A memorial to the Barnwell brothers was unveiled at Causeway Head to mark their great achievements.
• 2005: Graham Teasdale's Knighthood is announced
  In the New Years Honours List, it is announced that Graham Teasdale is to receive a knighthood.
• 2007: William Boyd wins the Costa Novel Award
  Having been shortlisted in November, William Boyd's novel Restless is announced as winning the 2006 award for best novel.
• 2009: Publication of the Historical Thesaurus of the Oxford English Dictionary
  The Historical Thesaurus is published

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Spheres of Influence

• Aeronautics
• Aerospace Engineering
• Anaesthesia
• Archaeology
• Astrophysics
• Biochemistry
• Biology
• Botany
• Business
• Cardiology
• Central and East European Studies
• Chemistry
• Culture
• Dentistry
• Dermatology
• Drama
• Economics
• Education
• Electrical engineering
• Engineering
• English Language
• English Literature
• Entomology
• Forensic Medicine
• Gaelic
• Genetics
• Geology
• Geoscience
• Human Nutrition
• Law
• Mathematics
• Medicine
• Music
• Neurology
• Neurosurgery
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Honours

• Andrew Melrose Prize
  A British publisher who gave prizes for the best new novel submitted to his firm.
• Beatrice M. Tinsley Prize
  The Beatrice M. Tinsley Prize is awarded every other year by the American Astronomical Society in recognition of an outstanding creative or innovative research contribution to astronomy or astrophysics.
• Bernhard Nocht Medal
  Awarded by the Bernhard-Nocht-Institut and the German Society of Tropical Medicine and International Health to a scientist or a group of scientists in recognition of outstanding achievements in the field of tropical medicine.
• Bigsby Medal
  The Bigsby Medal was founded by John Jeremiah Bigsby (1792–1881)in 1877. It is awarded by the Geological Society for the study of American geology.
• Blair Bell Medal
  Awarded by the Royal Society of Medicine to the doctor who has made the biggest lifetime contribution to their speciality.
• Clough Medal
  The Edinburgh Geological Society rewards excellence in geology by presenting annually the Clough Medal.
• Coke Medal
  Awarded by the Geological Society since 1984.
• Commander of the British Empire (CBE)
  Commander is a grade of the Order of the British Empire and is awarded by the British Monarch on advice of the Government.
• Companion of Honour (CH)
  Order of the Companion of Honour is a reward by the British Monarch for outstanding achievements in the arts, literature, music, science, politics, industry or religion.
• Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG)
  Individuals who have rendered important services in relation to Commonwealth or foreign nations are appointed a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George by the British Monarch on advice of the government.
• Copley Medal
  This medal is the oldest award of the Royal Society of London. It is given annually for outstanding achievements in research in any branch of science, and alternates between the physical sciences and the biological sciences.
• Corday-Morgan Prize
  The Corday-Morgan Prizes are awarded annually by the Royal Society of Chemistry for the most meritorious contributions to chemistry.
• Costa First Novel Award
  This is one of a group of awards established by Whitbread in 1971 to encourage, promote and celebrate reading. They became the Costa Book awards in 2006.
• Costa Novel Award
  This is one of a group of awards established by Whitbread in 1971 to encourage, promote and celebrate reading. They became the Costa Book awards in 2006.
• Daiwa-Adrian Prize
  The Daiwa Anglo-Japanese Foundation makes prizes available in recognition of significant scientific collaboration between Japanese and British research teams every three years.
• Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE)
  Commander is a grade of the Order of the British Empire and is awarded by the British Monarch on advice of the Government.
• Darwin Medal
  The Darwin Medal is awarded by the Royal Society of London every alternate year for "work of acknowledged distinction in the broad area of biology in which Charles Darwin worked".
• Davy Medal
  The Davy Medal is awarded by the Royal Society of London "for an outstandingly important recent discovery in any branch of chemistry".
• Eardley Holland Medal
  Awarded once very five years to a Member or Fellow of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, the medal recognises outstanding achievement in practice and/or research in obstetrics and gynaecology.
• Edinburgh Medal
  The Edinburgh Medal is a prestigious award given each year at the Edinburgh International Science Festival to men and women of science and technology whose professional achievements are judged to have made a significant contribution to the understanding and well-being of humanity.
• European Society of Human Genetics Award
  In 2003 the ESHG Award changed its name from the Mauro Baschirotto Award, intitially established in 1992 and funded through the philanthropy of the Mauro Baschirotto family. It was presented by the European Society of Human Genetics in recognition of individual achievements in human genetics.
• Fellow of the Royal Society
  An award bestowed on the most eminent scientists, engineers and technologists from the UK and the Commonwealth.
• Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
  The multidisciplinary membership of the RSE, encompasses excellence in the Sciences, Arts, Humanities, the Professions, Industry and Commerce, makes it unique amongst learned Societies in the UK. Candidates for Fellowship are nominated by existing Fellows of the Society. Each candidature then undergoes a rigorous four-stage annual selection process which culminates in a postal ballot to the Fellowship.
• Freedom of the City of Edinburgh
  An honour bestowed by the City to esteemed members of its community.
• Freedom of the City of Glasgow
  An honour bestowed by the City to esteemed members of its community.
• Freedom of the City of London
  An honour bestowed by the City to esteemed members of its community.
• Giuseppe Piazzi Award
  A prize for scientific achievement awarded in Palermo, Sicily.
• Gregori Aminoff Medal
  An international prize awarded since 1979 by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in the field of crystallography.
• Guy Medal (Silver)
  Awarded annually since 1893 by the Royal Statistical Society to any fellow in respect of a paper of special merit communicated to the Society at its ordinary meetings, or in respect of a paper/papers published in any of the journals of the Society. General contributions to statistics may also be taken into account.
• Hansen Prize
  The Emil Christian Hansen Foundation awards prizes to appreciate outstanding achievements in microbiology. The Foundation is named for the head of the Department of Physiology at the Carlsberg Laboratory from 1879 to 1909.
• Harrison Memorial Prize
  Awarded by The Royal Society of Chemistry, the Edward Harrison Memorial Prize and the Meldola Medal and Prize combined to form the Harrison-Meldola Memorial Prize in 2008.
• Herschel Medal
  The Herschel Medal is a medal of the Royal Astronomical Society, awarded for outstanding work in the area of observational astrophysics.
• Honorary Degree
  Honorary degrees are awarded by Universities around the world in recognition of achivements in a specific field or to society in general.
• Huntingdon Medal
  The Huntington Medal Award is conferred annually by the American Numismatic Society in honour of Archer M. Huntington in recognition of outstanding career contributions to numismatic scholarship.
• Kight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG)
  Individuals who have rendered important services in relation to Commonwealth or foreign nations are appointed a Knight Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George by the British Monarch on advice of the government.
• Knight Grand Cross of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath (GCB)
  Knight Grand Cross of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath is a British order of chivalry founded by George I on 18 May 1725.
• Knighthood
  An honour from the British Monarch.
• Lapworth Medal
  The Lapworth Medal is awarded by The Paleontological Association to a palaeontologist who has made a significant contribution to the science by means of a substantial body of research.
• Légion d'honneur
  The Légion d'honneur or Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur (National Order of the Legion of Honour) is a French order established by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1802. The President of the French Republic appoints members on the advice of the Government.
• Linnean Medal
  It is awarded annually by the Council of the Linnean Society alternately to a Botanist and a Zoologist or to both simultaneously, as an expression of the Society's esteem and appreciation for service to science.
• Lister Medal
  The Lister Medal is an award presented by the Royal College of Surgeons of England in recognition of contributions to surgical science. It is named after the Joseph Lister (1827-1912), whose work on antiseptics established the basis of modern sterile surgery.
• Longstaff Prize
  The Longstaff Prize is awarded by the Royal Society of Chemistry to one of its members who has done the most to advance the science of chemistry. It was formerly known as the Longstaff Medal.
• Los Angeles Times Book Prize (Fiction)
  The Los Angeles Times Book Prizes were first awarded in 1980, with the idea of honoring literary excellence and celebrating the community of readers in Los Angeles.
• Mackenzie Davidson Memorial Lecture
  Awarded by the British Institute of Radiology and founded in 1920 in memory of Sir James Mackenzie Davidson, a pioneer in British radiology.
• Magellanic Premium
  The Magellanic Premium is awarded by the American Philosophical Society for major contributions in the field of navigation (whether by sea, air, or in space), astronomy, or natural philosophy.
• Makdougall Brisbane Prize
  Awarded by the Royal Society of Edinburgh.
• Mary Kingsley Medal
  Awarded by the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine.
• Member of the British Empire (MBE)
  Member is a grade of the Order of the British Empire and is awarded by the British Monarch on the advice of the Government.
• Michelson Medal
  Awarded by the Franklin Institute.
• Mullard Award
  The Mullard Award is presented every two years by the Council of the Royal Society of London to an individual who has an outstanding academic record in any area of natural science, engineering or technology and whose work is currently making or has the potential to make a contribution to national prosperity in the United Kingdom.
• Murchison Medal
  An annual award made by The council of the Geological Society of London. It was established by the geologist, Sir Roderick Murchison (1792-1871).
• National Poet for Scotland
  An honour first bestowed by the Scottish Parliament in 2004.
• Neill Medal
  Awarded by the Royal Society of Edinburgh.
• Nobel Prize
  Nobel Prize
• Officer of the British Empire (OBE)
  Officer is a grade of the Order of the British Empire and is awarded by the British Monarch on the advice of the Government.
• Order of Flag with Gold Star
  An award from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
• Order of Merit (OM)
  The Order of Merit is a special honour awarded to individuals of great achievement in the fields of the arts, learning, literature and science. The Order is restricted to 24 members as well as additional foreign recipients. It is in the sole gift of the British Monarch.
• Order of the First Class of the Sacred Treasure
  The Order of the Sacred Treasure is a Japanese honour, established on January 4, 1888 by Emperor Meiji of Japan as the Order of Meiji.
• Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem (OStJ)
  Appointment to the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem is an honour given by the British Monarch.
• Order of the Rising Sun
  The Order of the Rising Sun is a Japanese honour, established in 1875 by Emperor Meiji of Japan.
• Ossian Prize for Poetry
  Awarded by the FVS Foundation, Hamburg.
• Paracelsus Prize
  Awarded by the Swiss Chemical Society to an internationally outstanding scientist for his or her lifetime achievements in chemical research.
• Peerage
  The Peerage is a system of titles in the United Kingdom, which represents the upper ranks of British nobility and is part of the British honours system.
• Priestly Medal
  The Priestly Medal is awarded by the American Chemical Society to recognize distinguished services to chemistry.
• Richard A Glenn Award
  Awarded by the American Chemical Society.
• Rijlant International Prize
  Awarded by the Belgian Royal Academy of Medicine.
• Robert Koch Medal
  Awarded annually by the Koch Foundation for excellence in the biomedical sciences. It is widely recognised as the leading international scientific prize in microbiology.
• Roger Adams Medal
  Awarded by the American Chemical Society to recognize and encourage outstanding contributions to research in organic chemistry.
• Rolex Prize
  Awarded by the European Organisation for Caries Research.
• Royal Medal
  Three Royal Medals, known also as The Queen's Medals, are awarded annually by the British Monarch on the recommendation of the Council of the Royal Society of London, two for the most important contributions to the advancement of Natural Knowledge (one to each of the two great divisions) and the other for distinguished contributions in interdisciplinary or applied sciences.
• Royal Numismatic Society Medal
  The Society's Medal was instituted in 1883, to be awarded annually to 'some person highly distinguished for services to Numismatic Science', as elected by the Council.
• Saltire Society Scottish Science Award
  This award of the Saltire Society was established in 1989 and is presented to a distinguished scientist in mid career of Scottish descent or living in Scotland.
• Schlumberger Award
  Awarded by The Mineralogical Society to recognize scientific excellence in mineralogy and its applications.
• Scotswoman of the Year
  An annual celebration of the accomplishments of women from across Scotland.
• Scottish Research Book of the Year Award
  The Scottish Research Book of the Year Award was established in 1998. The Award is made jointly by the Saltire Society with The National Library of Scotland. Overall, the awarded book will add to the knowledge and understanding of Scotland and the Scots.
• Sir Archibald Grey Gold Medal
  Awarded by the British Association of Dermatologists.
• Society of British Neurological Surgeons Medal
  The medal is awarded to UK Neurosurgeons in recognition of their contribution to British Neurosurgery.
• T Neville George Medal
  An award from the Glasgow Geological Society.
• Unesco Prize for Science
  The UNESCO Science Prize is a biennial scientific prize awarded by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization to "a person or group of persons for an outstanding contribution they have made to the technological development of a developing member state or region through the application of scientific and technological research (particularly in the fields of education, engineering and industrial development)."
• Victor Bonney Prize
  Awarded by the Royal College of Surgeons of England.
• William Christian Krumbein Medal
  The William Christian Krumbein Medal is the highest award given by the International Association for Mathematical Geosciences and is awarded to senior scientists for career achievement.
• Wollaston Fund
  Awarded by The Geological Society since 1831
• Zworykin Prize
  A prize for medical electronics awarded by the International Federation of Medical & Biological Engineering or the British Institution of Radio Engineers.

Images

• Bruno Touschek
• James Maxton's matriculation record, 1904
• Soddy Radiation Apparatus
• Edwin Morgan's scrapbook
• Robert Edwards
• Invitation to the Bicentenary of the Wealth of Nations Banquet, 1976
• Invitation to the Bicentenary of the Wealth of Nations Conference, 1976
• Robert Silver's telegram of congratulations from the UKAEA
• Robert Silver's speech on accepting the UNESCO prize, page 1
• Robert Silver's letter of congratulation from Tony Benn
• Catherine Carswell's book cover Lying Awake
• Catherine Carswell's book cover The Savage Pilgrimage
• Roy Crowson at the International Congress of Coleopterology of Barcelona, 1989
• Ronald Meek
• Ronald Meek
• John Aitchison, 2007
• Monteath Robertson at his 80th birthday conference, September 1980
• Monteath Robertson's 80th birthday conference at the University, September 1980
• Philip Dee and Sam Curran on the occasion of Dee receiving his honorary degree at Strathclyde University, 1980
• Alexander Gibson (second left), with Gyorgy Ligeti, Martin Dalby and Peter Maxwell Davies at Musica Nova organised jointly by the University and the Scottish National Orchestra, 1973
• Donald Robertson
• Tom Johnston (right)
• Willie Ross
• William Boyd - cover of novel Ordinary Thunderstorms
• William Boyd
• Archibald Barr, (seated, second right) and his staff at Anniesland c1920
• Barr & Stroud's fitting shop, 1913
• Barr and Stroud and other rangefinders being tested by Austro-Hungarian soldiers, 1911
• Oswald Fergus (middle) with his brothers John and Andrew, c1927
• Oswald Fergus (right) with his brother John, c1885
• Bruno Touschek and Sam Curran
• Sam Curran
• Urban Studies Front Cover
• Bill Hutchison, 1966
• Kay Carmichael, 1981
• Kay Carmichael, 1989
• Kay Carmichael, c1950s
• John Eldridge
• Tom Johnston
• Mike Lean and Alan Crozier announce their project into the health properties of tomatoes, 1996
• Edwin Morgan
• William Macewen's matriculation record - full page, 1866
• William Macewen's matriculation record - detail from page, 1866
• Willie Ross' matriculation record, 1930
• Bill Hutchison's matriculation record page 2, 1951
• Bill Hutchison's matriculation record page 1, 1951
• Walter Elliot's matriculation record, 1905
• Tom Gibson's matriculation record page 2, 1937
• Tom Gibson's matriculation record page 1, 1937
• Thomas MacRobert's matriculation record, 1901
• Tom Johnston's matriculation record, 1907
• Sam Curran's matriculation record page 2, 1931
• Sam Curran's matriculation record page 1, 1931
• Ruth Pirret's matriculation record, 1895
• Robert Leiper's matriculation record, 1903
• Robert Silver's matriculation record, 1930
• RD Laing's matriculation record page 2, 1949
• RD Laing's matriculation record page 1, 1949
• OH Mavor's matriculation record, 1904
• Muriel Robertson's matriculation record, 1901
• William Leishman's matriculation record, 1881
• Kate Fraser's matriculation record, 1901
• John Smith's matriculation record page 2, 1956
• John Smith's matriculation record page 1, 1956
• Neil MacCormick's matriculation record page 2, 1959
• Neil MacCormick's matriculation record page 1, 1959
• John MacCormick's matriculation record, 1928
• John Maclean's matriculation record, 1903
• John Macintyre's matriculation record, 1881
• John Boyd Orr's matriculation record, 1900
• John Cranston's matriculation record, 1909
• Janet Spens' matriculation record, 1896
• Peggy Herbison's matriculation record, 1927
• William Ramsay's matriculation record - detail from page, 1866
• William Ramsay's matriculation record - full page, 1866
• Murdoch Cameron's matriculation record - full page, 1866
• Murdoch Cameron's matriculation record - detail from page, 1866
• John Glaister's matriculation record - detail from page, 1873
• John Glaister's matriculation record - full page, 1873
• Henry Campbell-Bannerman's library register record - full page, 1852
• Henry Campbell-Bannerman's library register record - detail from page, 1852
• Ethel Currie's matriculation record, 1916
• Donald Dewar's matriculation record page 2, 1957
• Donald Dewar's matriculation record page 1, 1957
• Bruno Touschek's matriculation record page 2, 1947
• Bruno Touschek's matriculation record page 1, 1947
• Archibald Barr's matriculation record - detail from page, 1874
• Archibald Barr's matriculation record - full page, 1874
• Annie Robertson's matriculation record, 1928
• Anne Louise McIlroy's matriculation record, 1895
• Andrew Bonar Law's matriculation record - detail from page, 1879
• Andrew Bonar Law's matriculation record - full page, 1879
• Alexander Todd's matriculation record, 1924
• Alexander Gibson's matriculation record, 1943
• Bill Hutchison receiving the Koch Medal from the West German Health Minister in 1970
• Roy Campbell (right to left), Charles Munn and Tony Slaven, 1980s
• Victor Hawthorne
• Victor Hawthorne delivers a speech to mark 30 years of MIDSPAN, 2005
• Victor Hawthorne (left) at the celebrations for 30 years of MIDSPAN, 2005
• Alec Nove
• Alec Nove
• John Macintyre's x-ray installation
• John Macintyre's x-ray installation
• John Macintyre
• Oliver Franks
• David Raphael, 1968
• Tom Gibson
• Tom Gibson
• Guido Pontecorvo opening the Pontecorvo Building, 1995
• Guido Pontecorvo with Frank Ruddle and Francis Crick, June 1978
• Guido Pontecorvo at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Autumn 1964
• Guido Pontecorvo receiving the EC Hansen prize and medal, November 1961
• Guido Pontecorvo delivering the Jesup Lecture at Columbia, April 1956
• Guido Pontecorvo, Seymour Melman, Ruth Sager and Jim Watson, August 1953
• Soviet Studies Journal cover
• Alec Nove pamphlet cover
• Alec Nove, sketch by unknown artist
• Andrew Skinner, Lord McCluskey, Senator of the College of Justice and Dr Alexander Stone opening the Alexander Stone Court Room.
• Anne McAllister, c1960s
• Anne McAllister, c1937
• Irene Wotherspoon
• Michael Samuels
• Jane Roberts
• William Boog Leishman
• William Boog Leishman
• Members of the English Literature Department, 1951. Including Edwin Morgan and John Bryce.
• Robert Silver
• Malcolm Ferguson-Smith
• Malcolm Ferguson-Smith at the topping out ceremony for the Duncan Guthrie Institute, 1978
• Malcolm Ferguson-Smith on his last day at Yorkhill, 1987
• Malcolm Ferguson-Smith outside the Duncan Guthrie Institute, 1987
• Malcolm Ferguson-Smith at the opening of the Duncan Guthrie Institute, 1981
• Malcolm Ferguson-Smith
• Malcolm Ferguson-Smith
• Sheina Marshall
• Frank Jennings
• Greg Philo with Chinese students, 2008
• Greg Philo
• Dorothy Geddes
• Lord Kelvin's matriculation record, 1899
• John Logie Baird assisted by Captain Hutchison, erecting the transmitting aerial on the roof at Long Acre, London, 1926.
• John Logie Baird working on the "Falkirk Transmitter", 1926
• John Logie Baird
• Janet Spens
• Bill Mulligan, Bill Jarrett, George Urquhart and Ian McIntyre
• Kate Fraser
• Mary Andross
• Christian Kay and Jane Roberts receive a Saltire Book of the Year Award
• Keith Vickerman
• Gordon Hemingway
• Norman Ritchie
• Ian McIntyre
• George Urquhart
• Bill Jarrett, 2002
• Bill Mulligan
• Bill Mulligan, 1977
• Bill Mulligan
• Alexander Todd
• Derick Thomson
• Derick Thomson
• Ian McIntyre
• Graham Teasdale
• Jokichi Takamine
• James Shepherd
• David Sanderson
• Michael Samuels
• William Ramsay
• Norman Ritchie in the Herald newspaper, 23 October 1999
• Ruth Pirret
• Ruth Pirret in Ashburne House Hall group photograph (2nd row, 7th from right)
• Edwin Morgan rehearsing in the James Arnott Theatre, 1999
• Edwin Morgan's scrapbook
• Edwin Morgan
• Edwin Morgan
• Lesser black-backed gulls studied by Pat Monaghan for her groundbreaking research
• Osborne Henry Mavor
• James Maxton
• John Maclean
• John Maclean
• Peter Macfarlane
• Peter Macfarlane
• Neil MacCormick
• Winnie Ewing
• Winnie Ewing
• Winnie Ewing
• Robert Thomson Leiper
• Robert Thomson Leiper
• RD Laing
• Gavin Kenny
• Bryan Jennett and Graham Teasdale
• Bill Jarrett in Kenya
• Philip Hobsbaum
• Peggy Herbison
• David Henderson
• Norman Ritchie
• Derek Barton
• David Graham
• William Murray Gloag
• Alexander Gibson
• Oliver Franks
• Ian Donald
• Department of Geology 1950s
• Ethel Dobbie Currie
• Ethel Dobbie Currie
• Bruno Touschek 1952
• Department of Natural Philosophy 1952
• Samuel Curran 1952
• Samuel Curran
• Roy Crowson
• Roy Crowson cartoon
• John Arnold Cranston
• Henry Campbell-Bannerman
• Murdoch Cameron's first three caesarean patients
• Murdoch Cameron
• Ian Alexander Boyd
• Ian Alexander Boyd
• Anne Robertson
• Muriel Robertson
• Ian McIntyre
• Richard Cogdell
• Jocelyn Bell Burnell
• Neil Isaacs
• Matthew Cartmell
• Michael Bond
• James Parkins
• David Houston
• Pat Monaghan
• Frank Barnwell
• Frank Barnwell
• Mary Andross
• Mary Andross
• Joseph Lister
• Donald Dewar
• Queen Margaret College
• Jessie Campbell
• Isabella Elder
• Keith Vickerman
• Malcolm Ferguson-Smith
• George Urquhart
• Frederick Soddy lecture advertisement, 1906
• Alwyn Williams
• Donald Robertson
• Anthony Fallick
• Keith Vickerman (right) and Sir David Attenborough
• Professor Gairdner Capping Lord Kelvin
• Roger Scott
• Rona MacKie
• Rona MacKie
• Rona MacKie
• Bill Jarrett
• Sir James Black
• Peter Macfarlane
• John Glaister, Snr
• Guido Pontecorvo
• Michael Lean
• Christian Kay
• Thomas Murray MacRobert
• John Glaister
• Anne Louise McIlroy
• Catherine Carswell
• Janet Galloway
• Jessie Campbell LLD, 1901
• Isabella Elder's Portrait
• John MacCormick
• Andrew Bonar Law
• Walter Elliot
• Lord Boyd Orr of Brechin
• Bonar Law's rectorial installation address
• Lord Kelvin
• Lord Kelvin, c1903
• Sir William Macewen
• Alec Lawrence Macfie
• Adam Smith
• Lord Boyd Orr of Brechin
• Frederick Soddy
• Alwyn Williams
• Sir Alec Cairncross
• OH Mavor
• Archibald Barr, 1891
• Donald Dewar, 1959
• Donald Dewar, 1962
• John Smith, 1961
• John Smith, 1958
• John Smith
• John Logie Baird's matriculation record
• John Glaister
• Frances Melville
• Sir Alwyn Williams
• Sir Alec and Lady Cairncross
• Lord Kelvin
• Sir William Macewen
• Donald Dewar Statue
• Frederick Soddy
• Frederick Soddy Plaque
• Lord Boyd Orr of Brechin
• Alec Lawrence Macfie
• Adam Smith
• Adam Smith
• Joseph Lister

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